What are the types of plastics?

What are the types of plastics and how do they differ from one another? This question is asked by designers, manufacturers, and consumers who want to better understand the properties of the materials they use. Plastics are a broad group of polymer materials which—thanks to their flexibility, lightness, and chemical resistance—are used in almost every branch of industry. In this article, we present the classification of plastics, their characteristics, and practical applications.

Table of contents:

  1. What are the types of plastics – basic division: thermoplastics and thermosets.
  2. What groups of polymer materials do we distinguish – popular plastics and their properties.
  3. What are the main categories of plastics – engineering and specialty plastics.
  4. How plastics are classified – summary.

Types of Plastics – Basic Classification: Thermoplastics and Thermosets

What are the types of plastics when considering their behavior under temperature? The most important division is that between thermoplastics and thermosets. Thermoplastics (e.g., PE, PP, PVC) can be repeatedly heated and formed, which is why they are widely used in the production of technical components, packaging, and finishing elements. Thermosets (e.g., Bakelite, laminates), on the other hand, cannot be remelted once cured – they feature high resistance to temperature and abrasion, making them suitable for applications such as electronics and automotive parts. This classification is essential for both designers and manufacturers, as it helps match the material to specific working conditions and processing technologies.

What Groups of Polymer Materials Do We Distinguish – Popular Plastics and Their Properties

What types of plastics are most commonly found in industry and everyday life? It is worth listing several key materials:

  1. Polyethylene (PE) – flexible, resistant to moisture and chemicals, used in packaging, pipes, and films.
  2. Polypropylene (PP) – lightweight and rigid, resistant to acids and bases, used in the automotive, medical, and food industries.
  3. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) – durable and easy to process, often used in construction (window frames, pipes).
  4. Polystyrene (PS) – lightweight and transparent, used in packaging and insulation.
  5. Polycarbonate (PC) – highly mechanically durable and impact-resistant, used in protective glazing and electronics.

Each of these plastics has its own specific characteristics and a suitable role in production processes. Knowing their properties enables better adaptation to the function of a given product.

Main Categories of Plastics – Engineering and Specialty Plastics

Which types of plastics are dedicated to more advanced applications? In addition to commonly used polymers, industry also utilizes so-called engineering plastics, such as:

  1. PA (polyamide) – known as nylon, durable and wear-resistant, used in gears, bearings, and guides.
  2. POM (polyoxymethylene) – rigid and smooth, excellent for precision components.
  3. PTFE (Teflon) – exceptionally resistant to chemicals and high temperatures, used e.g. in chemical fittings.

For applications requiring exceptional durability, high-performance polymers such as PEEK or PSU are also used. These materials enable the production of components operating in extreme conditions – from the aerospace industry to medical applications.

Manufacturer of Plastic Products – Explore the Tulplast Offer

When planning the production of technical components, it is worth choosing a reliable partner such as a manufacturer of plastic products – Tulplast. Our company has been operating on the market for over 40 years and specializes in producing components for the fencing, furniture, industrial, and construction sectors. The offer includes, among others:

Tulplast operates a modern injection molding facility, tool shop, and metal department, which allows for both mass production and customized orders tailored to specific projects. All products are manufactured in accordance with the ISO 9001:2015 standard, ensuring their quality and repeatability. Thanks to production flexibility and extensive technological resources, Tulplast is a reliable partner for companies across various industrial sectors.

How Plastics Are Classified – Summary

What are the types of plastics and what should be considered when choosing them? Thermoplastics, thermosets, engineering plastics, and specialty materials – each of these groups has unique properties that determine its applications. Selecting the right polymer is key to manufacturing durable and functional products. To ensure the highest quality and production precision, it is worth relying on the offer of trusted manufacturers – such as Tulplast, which combines decades of experience with a modern approach to the production of plastic components.

Publication date 27.11.2025

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